nuncio

A nuncio is a diplomatic representative of the Holy See to a country or to an international organization, typically holding the rank of ambassador. The term is used for clerics, usually archbishops, who head an apostolic nunciature, the Holy See’s diplomatic mission.

In addition to diplomatic duties, the nuncio serves as the Holy See’s liaison with the local Catholic Church. Their responsibilities include maintaining relations with civil authorities, reporting on political and social developments, and coordinating with the country’s bishops’ conference. The nuncio often plays a key role in the process of selecting and proposing bishops to the pope and may forward recommendations regarding episcopal appointments.

Distinctions exist between apostolic nuncio and apostolic delegate. An apostolic nuncio has formal diplomatic status and is accredited as the Holy See’s ambassador to the host state. An apostolic delegate primarily serves as a liaison to the local church without full diplomatic recognition by the state. Other papal legates may carry different mandates.

The office derives from the Latin nuncius, meaning messenger. The role developed with the expansion of Vatican diplomacy and the establishment of formal nunciatures in many countries. Nuncios may also be accredited to international organizations, such as the United Nations, representing the Holy See in multilateral forums.

See also: Apostolic Nunciature; Holy See; Vatican City; Diplomatic rank.