nroz

Nroz is a traditional Persian New Year festival celebrated primarily in Iran and among Iranian diaspora communities worldwide. The holiday marks the beginning of the solar year according to the Iranian calendar, which is based on the Zoroastrian tradition and begins around March 20–21. The name "Nroz" is derived from the Avestan word *Nowruz*, meaning "new day."

The celebration spans several days and is deeply rooted in cultural and historical significance. It symbolizes renewal, rebirth, and the arrival of spring, often associated with the vernal equinox. Families gather to clean their homes, decorate *haft-sin* tables, and share meals. The *haft-sin* table is a symbolic spread featuring seven items beginning with the Persian letter *sin*, such as sabzeh (sprouted wheat), samanu (a sweet pudding), senjed (dried lotus fruit), and serkeh (vinegar). These items represent themes of growth, patience, love, and wisdom.

Nroz is also a time for visiting relatives, exchanging gifts, and participating in communal activities. In some regions, traditional games like *chovgan* (a horseback polo variant) and *sabzeh-pish* (planting wheat in bowls) are played. The festival has been recognized by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity since 2009, highlighting its global cultural importance.

While Nroz is primarily a cultural and religious observance, it is celebrated secularly by many, blending elements of Zoroastrianism, Islam, and modern traditions. The holiday fosters unity and reflects the rich heritage of Persian civilization.