normothermische

Normothermische describes conditions or states in which body temperature is maintained within the normal physiological range. In humans, this roughly corresponds to a core temperature of about 36.5 to 37.5°C, though exact ranges vary with age, body site, and circadian rhythms. The term is commonly used in medicine and physiology to contrast with hypothermia (lower than normal) and hyperthermia (higher than normal).

Maintaining normothermia relies on thermoregulation mediated by the hypothalamus, skin, and peripheral organs. Key mechanisms include metabolic heat production, vasomotor adjustments, sweating, shivering, and behavioral responses. Disruptions can lead to adverse outcomes, including impaired coagulation, wound infection risk, and cardiovascular stress.

In clinical practice, normothermia is a target during anesthesia, surgery, neonatal care, and critical illness because deviations from normal temperature are associated with poorer outcomes. Techniques to preserve normothermia include active warming (warming blankets, forced-air devices) and careful monitoring. In organ preservation and transplantation, normothermic strategies involve maintaining tissues at normal temperatures with oxygenated perfusates to sustain metabolism and viability.

See also: normothermia, hypothermia, hyperthermia. The term is used in German-language literature to describe similar concepts as "normothermic" in English.