nietverdampbare

Nietverdampbare, or non-volatile substances, are those that do not readily transition into a vapor under normal environmental conditions. They possess very low vapor pressures at ambient temperatures, so they remain in the liquid or solid phase rather than evaporating. The exact classification depends on the temperature and pressure of the environment, and thus on the context in which volatility is considered.

Non-volatile materials include many solids and high-boiling liquids. Common examples are inorganic salts (such as sodium chloride), sugars, polymers, and many inorganic oxides; these substances typically have very high boiling points and correspondingly low vapor pressures. At room temperature they contribute little to the vapor phase and often leave residues after drying or evaporation processes. The concept contrasts with volatile substances, which readily vaporize, and semi-volatile substances, which evaporate more slowly.

In practical terms, volatility informs processes such as distillation, drying, and residue analysis. The notion is used in gravimetric analyses to refer to non-volatile residues, in environmental chemistry to distinguish volatile organic compounds from non-volatile components, and in food and pharmaceutical industries to describe components that do not evaporate during processing. The specific threshold for non-volatility depends on the measurement method, as well as the temperature and pressure involved. Overall, nietverdampbare describes substances that remain in the condensed phase under typical laboratory or industrial conditions.