neuraminidaas
Neuraminidase, also known as sialidase, is an enzyme that removes sialic acid residues from glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is produced by a variety of organisms, including humans, bacteria, and many viruses, and it plays diverse roles in physiology and disease. In humans, there are several neuraminidases (often labeled NEU1–NEU4) that differ in cellular localization and function, such as degradation of sialylated proteins in lysosomes, regulation of cell signaling, and remodeling of the glycocalyx on the cell surface.
In pathogens, neuraminidases contribute to virulence and adaptation. Viral neuraminidase is one of the two major
Mechanistically, neuraminidases hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between sialic acid and the adjacent sugar, a reaction that
In addition to medicine, neuraminidases influence host–microbe interactions and immune recognition, reflecting their broad relevance across