nausée

Nausée, also known as nausea, is a subjective sensation characterized by an unpleasant feeling of discomfort in the stomach and a strong urge to vomit. It is a common symptom associated with a wide range of conditions and stimuli, often serving as a protective reflex to expel harmful or irritating substances from the gastrointestinal tract.

The physiological mechanisms underlying nausée involve complex neural pathways that include the gastrointestinal system, the central nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system. The brain's chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata are central to the control of nausea and vomiting. Activation of these areas can result from factors such as infection, motion sickness, certain medications, pregnancy, or psychological stress.

Nausée is typically classified as an acute or chronic symptom. Acute nausea can be caused by transient conditions like food poisoning, medication side effects, or motion sickness. Chronic nausea may be associated with ongoing health problems such as gastrointestinal disorders, neurological diseases, or metabolic imbalances.

Evaluation of nausea involves identifying the underlying cause through medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Treatment strategies focus on addressing the primary condition and alleviating symptoms. Common interventions include antiemetic medications, dietary modifications, hydration, and addressing psychological factors when relevant.

While nausea is a protective response, persistent or severe nausée can significantly impact quality of life and indicate serious underlying health issues. Therefore, medical consultation is recommended when nausea is prolonged, recurrent, or accompanied by additional symptoms such as vomiting, dizziness, or abdominal pain.