nadliczbowych

Nadliczbowych is a Polish adjective form meaning "supernumerary" or "in excess of a given count." It derives from the prefix nad- meaning over and the word liczbowy, related to numbers. The form nadliczbowych is the genitive plural of nadliczbowy and is used to modify plural nouns in contexts where something exceeds a specified number.

In usage, nadliczbowych appears in formal or technical language, such as statistics, personnel management, logistics, and budgeting. It marks an excess beyond a baseline quota, rather than a simple addition. For example, nadliczbowych pracowników would refer to workers who are beyond the planned staffing level; nadliczbowych jednostek could describe extra units beyond the forecast.

Relation to other terms: nadliczbowy can be contrasted with dodatkowy (additional) and nadprogramowy (over-program/over-scheduled). While all indicate some form of surplus, nadliczbowy emphasizes surplus relative to an established limit or plan.

Grammatical note: Nadliczbowych is a case-inflected form; the base adjective is nadliczbowy, and its other forms follow standard Polish adjective declension.

Etymology and history: The term is formed by combining nad- with liczbowy; it is used in contemporary administrative and technical Polish to denote quantities that exceed an accepted limit.