nHexylamine

n-Hexylamine, or hexan-1-amine, is an aliphatic primary amine with the formula C6H15N. It consists of a straight-chain hexyl group bearing a terminal amino group. At room temperature it is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong, amine-like odor. It behaves as a weak base and forms salts with acids, such as the hydrochloride. The compound is typically handled as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis.

Industrial production and applications: n-Hexylamine is produced commercially by hydrogenation of hexanitrile, which itself can be obtained from hexenes via hydrocyanation. It is valued as a building block in the synthesis of surfactants, lubricants, and pharmaceutical or agrochemical intermediates. It serves as a precursor to various N-hexyl derivatives, including amides, ureas, and quaternary ammonium compounds used in specialty cleaners and ion-exchange materials.

Physical and chemical properties: Boiling point is high for a small amine, typically around 167–170°C. It has limited solubility in water, but is miscible with many organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and diethyl ether. As a primary amine, it is a relatively reactive nucleophile and base, readily undergoing alkylation, acylation, and formation of ammonium salts with acids. It can form hydrogen bonds and is typically handled under appropriate ventilation to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Safety and handling: n-Hexylamine is flammable and can be irritating to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract. It should be used in a well-ventilated hood with appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and eye protection. It should be stored away from oxidizers and kept in tightly closed containers to minimize exposure and moisture uptake.