hexyl

Hexyl is a term used in organic chemistry to denote an alkyl substituent containing six carbon atoms, derived from hexane by removing one hydrogen to give the radical C6H13-. In standard nomenclature, hexyl most commonly refers to the straight-chain n-hexyl group, but several isomers exist, including 2-methylpentyl (commonly called isohexyl) and other branched forms. The hexyl group is nonpolar and hydrophobic, increasing the lipophilicity of compounds to which it is attached and typically reducing their water solubility.

Hexyl groups appear in a wide range of organic compounds, notably hexyl esters (such as hexyl acetate), hexyl ethers, and hexyl halides. They are introduced through various synthetic routes, including substitution of alcohols to form hexyl halides, or esterification of carboxylic acids with hexan-1-ol to give hexyl esters.

It is important to note that hexyl is a substituent term rather than a specific compound. The properties and handling considerations depend on the particular hexyl derivative in question; many long-chain alkyl compounds are flammable and may irritate skin or eyes, and environmental considerations can apply for certain derivatives.

See also: n-hexyl, alkyl group, isohexyl, hexane.