mäestiku

Mäestik is an Estonian word that translates to "mountain range" or "mountainous region." It refers to a chain or group of mountains, often connected by high ground or ridges. In geography, a mäestik is characterized by significant elevation, rugged terrain, and often a series of peaks.

Estonia itself is a relatively low-lying country, and therefore does not have true mäestikud in the sense of large, high mountain ranges found in other parts of the world. However, the term can be used to describe areas with notable hills or elevated plateaus within Estonia, such as the Haanja Upland or the Pandivere Upland. These areas, while not mountains, are the most elevated parts of the country and possess a more varied and undulating landscape compared to the surrounding lowlands.

Globally, the concept of a mäestik encompasses vast geological formations like the Himalayas, the Andes, or the Alps, which are characterized by extreme altitudes, glaciers, and significant biodiversity shaped by their mountainous environments. The formation of such large mäestikud is typically due to tectonic activity, such as the collision of continental plates. The term highlights the collective nature of mountains, emphasizing their interconnectedness and shared geological history.