multiparteberegninger

Multiparty calculations, also known as multi-party computation (MPC), are cryptographic techniques that allow multiple parties to jointly compute a function over their private inputs while keeping those inputs secret from each other. Each party holds a piece of data, and the MPC protocol enables them to compute a desired output without revealing their individual data.

The core idea behind MPC is to distribute the computation in such a way that no single party possesses enough information to reconstruct the private inputs of others. Various MPC protocols exist, often relying on concepts like secret sharing, where a secret is divided into multiple shares distributed among participants. These shares are then processed collaboratively to produce the final result.

Applications of multiparty calculations are diverse. They can be used for secure voting systems, private data analysis where individuals want to contribute to a statistic without revealing their specific data points, and secure auctions. MPC can also facilitate joint decision-making among organizations that need to collaborate on sensitive information.

Security in MPC is achieved through strong cryptographic primitives. The protocols are designed to be secure even if some of the participating parties are malicious or collude. The level of security typically depends on the specific protocol used and the assumptions made about the adversaries. The development of efficient and practical MPC protocols remains an active area of research.