monatism

Monatism is a philosophical and theological concept that posits the existence of a single, ultimate, and indivisible entity as the fundamental reality of the universe. This singular entity, often referred to as the "One," "Absolute," or "God," is understood to be the source from which all else originates and to which all else ultimately returns. Monatistic thought emphasizes the unity and simplicity of this primordial being, often describing it as beyond human comprehension, attributes, or dualities. The universe, in this view, is a manifestation or emanation of this single substance, rather than a creation ex nihilo (from nothing).

Different monatistic traditions vary in their specific interpretations of this ultimate principle. Some focus on its transcendence, seeing it as entirely separate from the material world. Others emphasize its immanence, viewing it as present within all things. The relationship between the One and the many, or the individual and the divine, is a central theme. While monatism stresses the oneness of reality, it must also account for the apparent multiplicity and diversity of the experienced world. This is often explained through concepts like levels of emanation, degrees of reality, or the idea that the One contains all possibilities within itself. Despite variations, the core tenet remains the belief in a singular, foundational ground of being.