misstrauensvotum

Misstrauensvotum, literally translated as "vote of no confidence" (or "motion of mistrust"), is a formal parliamentary instrument used in several German-speaking countries to express that the legislature lacks confidence in the head of government or in a specific minister. A successful vote typically leads to resignation or dismissal of the targeted officials and may trigger the formation of a new government or early elections. The exact rules and consequences vary by country and constitution.

Germany: In Germany, the instrument exists in a constructive form known as Konstruktives Misstrauensvotum. The Bundestag can express no confidence only by simultaneously electing a new Chancellor by majority. If a candidate is elected, the sitting Chancellor must resign and the President appoints the new Chancellor. If no candidate achieves a majority, other constitutional procedures apply. The design aims to ensure that any change of government has the support of the legislature.

Austria: In Austria, the National Council can withdraw confidence from the Chancellor and cabinet through a Misstrauensvotum. A successful vote usually requires the government to resign and is followed by negotiations to form a new cabinet or, in some cases, prompt elections, consistent with constitutional provisions.

Switzerland: In Switzerland, the Federal Assembly may pass a Misstrauensvotum against the Federal Council. If adopted, the affected executive body is expected to resign and a reorganization of the executive branch follows, with the possibility of forming a new leadership lineup through subsequent political processes.

See also: motion of no confidence; constructive vote of no confidence.