mikroaaltospektroskopia

Mikroaaltospektroskopia, also known as microwave spectroscopy, is a technique used to study the structure and properties of molecules. It involves the absorption of microwave radiation by molecules, which causes transitions between different rotational energy levels. These transitions are highly specific to the molecule's structure, making it a powerful tool for identification and analysis.

The technique typically uses a microwave source, a sample cell, and a detector. The microwave radiation is passed through the sample, and the detector measures the amount of radiation absorbed at different frequencies. The resulting spectrum, a plot of absorption intensity versus frequency, reveals the characteristic rotational fingerprints of the molecules present.

Mikroaaltospektroskopia is particularly useful for determining the precise geometry of small to medium-sized molecules, including bond lengths and bond angles. It can also be used to study the dynamics of molecular motion, such as internal rotation and inversion. The technique requires relatively small sample sizes and can be performed at room temperature, making it a non-destructive method.

Applications of mikroaaltospektroskopia span various fields. In chemistry, it is used for molecular structure determination and identifying unknown compounds. In physics, it helps in understanding intermolecular interactions and the properties of gases. It also finds use in atmospheric science for identifying and quantifying trace gases. The high resolution and specificity of microwave spectroscopy make it a valuable complement to other spectroscopic methods.