metallodrug

A metallodrug is a chemical compound containing a metal atom that is intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use in medicine. Unlike traditional organic drugs, which primarily rely on carbon-based structures, metallodrugs leverage the unique electronic and structural properties of metals. The metal can be directly involved in the drug's mechanism of action, or it can serve as a carrier for a biologically active ligand.

The development of metallodrugs draws inspiration from both natural metalloenzymes and inorganic chemistry. Many biological processes involve metal ions, and metallodrugs aim to mimic or interfere with these processes. Research in this field spans a wide range of therapeutic areas, including cancer chemotherapy, antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and diagnostic imaging agents.

Platinum-based compounds, such as cisplatin, are well-established examples of metallodrugs used in cancer treatment. These drugs work by binding to DNA and disrupting cell division. Other metals like gold, ruthenium, and copper are also being explored for various medicinal applications. The design of metallodrugs involves careful consideration of the metal's oxidation state, coordination sphere, and the organic ligands attached to it, all of which influence the compound's stability, solubility, bioavailability, and toxicity. The field continues to expand, seeking to harness the diverse capabilities of metals for improved therapeutic outcomes.