mesalazine

Mesalazine, also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a medication used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It belongs to a class of drugs called aminosalicylates and works by reducing inflammation in the lining of the intestines. The exact mechanism of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve inhibiting the production of inflammatory substances like prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

Mesalazine is available in various formulations, including oral tablets, capsules, suppositories, and enemas. These different forms allow for targeted delivery to specific parts of the gastrointestinal tract, depending on the location and severity of the inflammation. Oral formulations are typically used for milder cases or to maintain remission, while rectal formulations are often preferred for active inflammation in the lower colon or rectum.

The effectiveness of mesalazine can vary among individuals, and it is often used as a first-line treatment for mild to moderate ulcerative colitis. It can help to induce remission (reduce active inflammation) and maintain remission, thereby reducing the frequency of flare-ups. Side effects are generally mild and can include headache, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. More serious side effects are rare but can include allergic reactions, kidney problems, and blood disorders. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations.