menghadap

Menghadap is a verb in Indonesian and Malay that means to face, to turn the face toward something, or to present oneself before a person or authority. It can describe physical orientation (facing a direction) as well as a formal or ceremonial appearance before someone such as a court, a leader, or an audience.

Etymology and related forms: The word derives from the root hadap/hadap with the prefix meng-, forming menghadap. Related forms include hadapan (in front of, in the presence of), menghadapkan (to present before someone or to bring toward), and menghadapi (to face or confront a situation).

Usage and examples:

- Literal orientation: Dia menghadap matahari. / Mereka menghadap ke timur. (They face the sun / They face east.)

- Appearance before authorities: Dia wajib menghadap pengadilan. (He must appear before the court.)

- Presence in a formal setting: Orang itu menghadap majelis hakim. (The person appears before the panel of judges.)

- In religious or ceremonial contexts, menghadap can be used to denote turning toward a sacred focal point, often phrased with ke hadapan or di hadapan: di hadapan Tuhan, atau menghadap ke hadapan Tuhan.

Di hadapan vs menghadap: Di hadapan is a prepositional phrase meaning “in the presence of” or “in front of.” Menghadap more directly emphasizes the action of turning toward or presenting oneself; menghadapi emphasizes confronting a situation or challenge (menghadapi masalah).

Ringkasan: Menghadap covers both physical direction and formal appearances, with nuances that distinguish it from related terms seperti menghadapi, menghadapkan, dan di hadapan.