mcpu

MCU, or Microcontroller Unit, is a small, low-cost, low-power computer system on a single integrated circuit. It is designed for embedded applications, where it is used to control various electronic devices and systems. MCUs typically consist of a microprocessor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. They are widely used in consumer electronics, automotive, industrial, and medical devices.

The microprocessor core in an MCU is usually an 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit processor, depending on the application's requirements. The memory in an MCU can be volatile (RAM) or non-volatile (ROM, EEPROM, or flash memory). The programmable input/output peripherals allow the MCU to interact with the external world, such as sensors, actuators, and communication interfaces.

MCUs are programmed using high-level languages like C or assembly language. They can be programmed using in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) or through a bootloader. MCUs are available from various manufacturers, including Microchip, STMicroelectronics, Texas Instruments, and NXP Semiconductors.

MCUs are preferred over general-purpose microprocessors and microcomputers in embedded applications due to their low cost, low power consumption, and small size. They are also more reliable and easier to design with, as they are optimized for specific tasks and have a simpler architecture.