maxilomandibular

Maxillomandibular is an anatomical and clinical term used to describe features, conditions, or procedures involving both the maxilla (upper jaw) and the mandible (lower jaw). In dental, orthopedic, and surgical contexts, the term denotes the integrated function of the jaws in chewing, speech, and occlusion, as well as treatment strategies that address the relationship between the upper and lower jaws.

The maxilla forms the upper jaw, supports the upper teeth, and contributes to the orbit, nasal cavity, and palate. The mandible forms the lower jaw, bears the lower teeth, and provides the framework for jaw movement through the temporomandibular joints and associated muscles. Together they create the dental arches and the occlusal relationships that coordinate biting and chewing.

Growth and development of the maxilla and mandible follow distinct patterns. The maxilla grows largely through sutural remodeling, while the mandible grows principally via the condyle and ramus. Their relative position influences facial proportions, dental alignment, and airway space, and disruptions can contribute to functional or aesthetic concerns.

Clinical relevance is evident in skeletal malocclusions that involve both jaws (for example, Class II or Class III relationships). Treatment may include orthodontics alone or combined orthognathic surgery. Procedures such as maxillary advancement or impaction, mandibular advancement or setback, or combined maxillomandibular (bimaxillary) surgery aim to correct disharmony and improve function and appearance. In obstructive sleep apnea, maxillomandibular advancement is a recognized surgical option to enlarge the upper airway.

Imaging and planning typically involve cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and three-dimensional imaging with virtual surgical planning to assess and simulate changes to the maxillomandibular relationship.