matriphagy

Matriphagy is a biological phenomenon observed in some species where the offspring consume their mother, typically after her death. This behavior is a form of filial cannibalism and is characterized by the offspring eating the maternal carcass. It is not a widespread behavior but has been documented in several invertebrate species, particularly within the insect world.

The most well-known examples of matriphagy occur in certain species of spiders and the hymenopteran insect genus Onthophagus, which are dung beetles. In some spider species, such as the Pantinopa spider, the mother may die shortly after laying eggs or giving birth. Her offspring then proceed to consume her body, which provides them with essential nutrients for their early development. This can be a significant source of nourishment, especially in environments where food is scarce.

The evolutionary advantage of matriphagy is thought to lie in its contribution to offspring survival and reproductive success. By providing a readily available and nutrient-rich food source, the mother's death indirectly aids her progeny in reaching maturity and being able to reproduce themselves. While seemingly extreme, this behavior can be seen as a form of parental investment, albeit a terminal one. Researchers continue to study matriphagy to better understand the ecological and evolutionary pressures that drive such unique survival strategies in nature.