materjalism
Materjalism is a philosophical viewpoint that asserts that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all phenomena, including mental states and consciousness, are results of material interactions. In this view, the physical world is all that truly exists, and there is no separate, non-material realm. This stands in contrast to idealism, which posits that consciousness or mind is the primary reality.
There are several forms of materialism. Reductive materialism, also known as identity theory, suggests that mental
Historically, early atomists like Democritus proposed materialistic explanations for the universe. The Enlightenment era saw a