masonic

Masonic refers to Freemasonry, a fraternal organization whose members are commonly called Masons. It traces its origins to medieval stonemason guilds and has since evolved into a voluntary association focused on moral development, community service, and fraternal fellowship. Freemasonry uses ritual ceremonies, symbolic implements, and a system of degrees to impart lessons about virtue, ethics, and charity.

The modern form emerged in Britain in the early 18th century with the establishment of the first Grand Lodge in London in 1717; it spread worldwide through colonial networks and modern society. It draws on operative masonry traditions but is largely speculative and fraternal rather than guild-based.

Local groups are called lodges, led by elected officers. The most widely recognized degree system is the Blue Lodge: Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, Master Mason. Additional rites exist, notably the York Rite and Scottish Rite, offering higher degrees and varied emphasis. Meetings combine ceremonial work, charitable projects, and social fellowship.

Freemasonry emphasizes moral and ethical self-improvement, toleration, and charitable activity. Most jurisdictions require belief in a Supreme Being, but it is not a religion and rejects dogmatic religious tests. Members support scholarships, medical research, disaster relief, and community service.

Public perception ranges from private tradition to speculation. Secrecy about internal matters has historically invited conspiracy theories; some governments have restricted or banned Freemasonry, while many countries allow its lodges to operate openly. Some traditions admit women or operate parallel lodges, though many lodges are male-only.