maruziyeti

Maruziyeti is a Turkish term that denotes exposure or being subjected to a substance, energy, or environmental condition. In health, safety, and toxicology contexts, it describes the process by which individuals come into contact with chemicals, radiation, biological agents, heat, noise, or other hazards. The concept covers both external exposure, when a hazard is encountered in the environment, and internal exposure, when a substance enters the body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption.

Exposure is typically characterized by dose (the amount of hazard that reaches or interacts with the body) and duration (how long the contact lasts). The health impact depends on the agent, its potency, the route of exposure, and the duration and intensity of exposure, leading to acute effects or long-term risks such as chronic disease or cancer.

Exposure assessment is a component of risk assessment and involves estimating or measuring the concentration of the hazard in air, water, or on surfaces, the frequency and duration of contact, and the number of people exposed.

Prevention and control follow the hierarchy of controls: substitution or elimination of the hazard when possible, engineering controls to isolate the hazard, administrative controls to limit exposure time, and personal protective equipment. Regulations often establish occupational exposure limits and environmental standards to minimize maruziyeti in workplaces and communities.

Some policies include monitoring programs, public health surveillance, and education to reduce exposure and its health consequences. See also exposure (toxicology), occupational safety, environmental health.