malnutrim

Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person's intake of energy and/or nutrients. The term malnutrition covers two broad groups of conditions. The first is "undernutrition," which includes wasting (low weight-for-height), stunting (low height-for-age) and underweight (low weight-for-age). The second is "overweight, obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases" (such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer).

Undernutrition is a consequence of inadequate food intake or poor absorption of food consumed. It is broadly categorized into wasting, stunting, and underweight. Wasting is a condition characterized by a low weight-for-height. Stunting is a condition characterized by a low height-for-age. Underweight is a condition characterized by a low weight-for-age. These conditions are often associated with frequent or severe infections, as well as underlying issues such as poverty and food insecurity.

Overweight, obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases occur when there is an imbalance in the body's energy intake and expenditure, often due to poor dietary habits and lack of physical activity. This can lead to a buildup of excess body fat, increasing the risk of various chronic health problems.

Malnutrition has significant short-term and long-term consequences for individuals and populations. In children, it can impair cognitive development, increase susceptibility to illness, and lead to premature death. In adults, it can reduce productivity, increase healthcare costs, and contribute to chronic diseases. Addressing malnutrition requires a multi-faceted approach involving improved nutrition, healthcare, sanitation, and education.