macrodomaincontaining
Macrodomain-containing refers to proteins that harbor one or more macrodomain modules, a conserved protein fold that recognizes and, in many cases, processes ADP-ribose and related metabolites. Macrodomains are typically around 180 amino acids in length and form a compact, ligand-binding pocket. Depending on the protein, the macrodomain can act as a binding module that recognizes ADP-ribosylation, or as a catalytic domain that removes mono-ADP-ribose from substrates, or both.
In humans, several macrodomain-containing enzymes function as ADP-ribosylhydrolases, reversing mono-ADP-ribosylation and influencing signaling, DNA repair, and
Viruses and bacteria also encode macrodomain-containing proteins. A well-studied example is the macrodomain of coronavirus nonstructural
Macrodomain modules are broadly distributed across bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, and many viruses, indicating an ancient origin