méreg

Méreg is the Hungarian word for poison. In general usage it denotes any substance that can cause injury, illness, or death to living organisms when introduced to the body in sufficient amount. Poisons can be chemical agents, biological toxins produced by living organisms, or venoms injected by certain animals. The harmful effect depends on the dose, the route of exposure, the chemical properties of the substance, and the sensitivity of the affected organism.

Poison types include chemical poisons such as inorganic and organic compounds, solvents, and pesticides; biological toxins such as botulinum toxin; and venoms from creatures like snakes and spiders. Poisons can act quickly or accumulate with chronic exposure, and poisoning can be accidental, intentional, or occupational. Understanding the specific substance and exposure context is essential for diagnosis and treatment.

Toxicology studies the relationship between dose and adverse effects. Concepts such as LD50 describe the amount needed to kill a certain proportion of a test population, illustrating relative toxicity. Risk assessment considers exposure likelihood, duration, and concentration to estimate potential harm. In medical settings, antidotes, supportive care, and decontamination strategies are used depending on the substance and circumstances.

Prevention relies on safe handling, proper labeling and storage, use of protective equipment, and public health measures. Regulations such as labeling requirements, hazard communication, and safety data sheets govern many common poisons. Poison control centers provide guidance in suspected exposures. In everyday language, méreg can refer to any substance deemed harmful, underscoring the importance of caution and proper management.