lümfedeem

Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by the swelling of one or more limbs, often the arms or legs. It occurs when the lymphatic system, which is responsible for draining lymph fluid from tissues, is damaged or blocked. This blockage prevents lymph fluid from flowing properly, causing it to build up in the soft tissues.

The primary cause of lymphedema is damage to the lymphatic vessels or lymph nodes. This damage can be primary, meaning it is present from birth due to genetic factors, or secondary, which is more common and acquired later in life. Secondary lymphedema can result from cancer treatments, such as surgery to remove lymph nodes or radiation therapy. Infections, injuries, inflammation, and conditions that affect blood vessels can also contribute to its development.

Symptoms of lymphedema typically include a feeling of heaviness or fullness in the affected limb, tightness of the skin, reduced flexibility, and recurrent infections. The swelling can range from mild to severe and may worsen over time if left untreated. While there is no cure for lymphedema, various management strategies can help control symptoms and prevent complications.

Treatment focuses on reducing swelling and preventing further progression. Common approaches include compression therapy, such as using specialized garments or bandages, manual lymphatic drainage (a gentle massage technique), exercise, and meticulous skin care to prevent infections. Early diagnosis and consistent management are crucial for improving quality of life for individuals with lymphedema.