lõppev

Lõppev is an Estonian word that functions as the present active participle of the verb lõppema. It denotes something that is in the process of ending or drawing to a close, rather than something that has already finished. In English, it can be rendered as "ending" or "nearing completion."

Grammatically, lõppev is used as an attributive adjective: it modifies a noun and agrees with the noun in number and case. It can also occur predicatively with the auxiliary olla, as in "Protsess on lõppev" (The process is ending). The sense is typically temporal and process-oriented, referring to situations, periods, or actions that are close to their conclusion. It contrasts with lõpetav (finishing), which emphasizes the act of finishing rather than the state of approaching the end.

Origin and related forms: The word is derived from lõpp meaning "end" with the present-active participle suffix -ev. It belongs to a class of Estonian participles that describe ongoing states. Related terms include lõpp (end), lõppema (to end), and lõpetama (to finish).

Examples: "lõppev aasta" (the year that is ending), "lõppev kursus" (a course that is nearing its end), "Protsess on lõppev ja nõuab tähelepanu" (The process is ending and requires attention). Lõppev is a flexible descriptor for processes, timeframes, or events in their final stages, and is commonly found in formal or descriptive language.