látómezkiesést

Látómezkiesés, also known as a visual field defect or scotoma, refers to an area or areas within the normal visual field where vision is absent or impaired. The visual field is the entire area that a person can see at any given moment with their eyes fixed. When a portion of this field is lost or distorted, it is considered a látómezkiesés. These defects can vary greatly in size, shape, and location, and they can be temporary or permanent.

The causes of látómezkiesés are diverse and often related to damage or dysfunction within the visual pathway, which includes the eyes, optic nerves, optic chiasm, optic tracts, and the visual cortex in the brain. Common causes include conditions affecting the retina, such as retinal detachment or macular degeneration, and diseases of the optic nerve, like glaucoma or optic neuritis. Neurological conditions affecting the brain, such as stroke, brain tumors, or multiple sclerosis, can also lead to visual field loss by damaging the visual processing areas.

Symptoms of látómezkiesés can range from barely noticeable blind spots to significant vision loss that interferes with daily activities. Individuals might experience a gradual narrowing of their peripheral vision, difficulty seeing in dim light, or the perception of dark or blurry patches within their sight. The specific symptoms depend on the location and extent of the defect. Diagnosis typically involves a visual field test, also known as perimetry, which maps out the patient's visual field and identifies any areas of reduced sensitivity or absence of vision. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and aims to manage the condition or, if possible, restore lost vision.