lysinecontaining

Lysine-containing is a term used to describe any molecule that includes lysine as part of its structure, most often in the form of amino acid residues or as a polymeric lysine unit. The term is used across biochemistry, molecular biology, nutrition, and materials science to describe peptides, proteins, synthetic polymers, and dietary formulations that contain lysine.

In proteins and peptides, lysine residues are among the 20 standard amino acids and carry a positively charged side chain at physiological pH. These residues can participate in catalysis, binding, and structural stabilization. Lysine is also subject to post-translational modifications, such as acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation, which regulate gene expression, protein stability, and interactions, especially in histones' regulation of chromatin.

In materials and biotechnology, lysine-containing compounds include poly-L-lysine and lysine-rich peptides. Poly-L-lysine is a positively charged polymer used to coat surfaces, promote cell adhesion, and facilitate gene delivery and nanoparticle formulation. Lysine-rich peptides serve as cell-penetrating sequences and can act as antimicrobial agents in some contexts.

Nutritionally, lysine is an essential amino acid, obtained from dietary proteins. Rich sources include meat, fish, dairy, and eggs, while plant-based sources include soy and legumes. In some vegetarian and vegan diets, cereals may be relatively low in lysine, so combining cereals with legumes or dairy can improve the overall essential amino acid profile. Lysine is also supplemented in some therapeutic contexts, though supplementation should follow dietary guidance.

Overall, lysine-containing compounds span biology, medicine, and nutrition, reflecting the versatility of lysine as a building block and functional group.