luotonannon

Luotonannon is a hypothetical elementary particle in particle physics, described as a neutral spin-1 gauge boson associated with a new abelian gauge symmetry beyond the Standard Model. In many theoretical frameworks, the particle acts as a mediator of a new force that could couple to leptons, and in some variants to quarks as well. The mass of the luotonannon is model-dependent, ranging from sub-GeV to multi-TeV scales, and its couplings to fermions are parameterized by a coupling constant g_L and a kinetic-mixing parameter epsilon that enables small couplings to photons. The particle is often depicted as the gauge boson of a U(1) symmetry that conserves a lepton-number-like quantity, such as L_mu - L_tau, or as a more general lepton-number mediator.

Production and decay: It could be produced in high-energy collisions, for example in e+ e- annihilation or proton-proton collisions, and would predominantly decay to charged lepton pairs (e+e-, mu+mu-, tau+tau-) or neutrinos, depending on the couplings. The experimental signature typically includes resonant peaks in dilepton invariant mass spectra.

Experimental status: No consensus evidence for luotonannon has been observed to date. Searches at the Large Hadron Collider, LEP, and fixed-target experiments have placed limits on its mass and couplings. Astrophysical and cosmological observations also constrain light mediators through effects on stellar cooling and early-universe processes.

See also: Z' boson, dark photon, beyond-Standard-Model gauge bosons.