logístiques

Logístiques, or logistics, is the discipline of planning and executing the efficient flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from origin to consumption to meet customer requirements.

Core activities include procurement, inventory management, warehousing, transportation, order processing, and distribution. It encompasses inbound logistics (suppliers to production facilities) and outbound logistics (from facilities to customers), as well as reverse logistics (returns, recycling, disposal).

Logistics is a component of supply chain management, focusing on the operational side. Supply chain management includes strategy, network design, sourcing, and collaboration across partners to optimize value delivery.

Key technologies support logistics operations, including enterprise resource planning systems, Transportation Management Systems, Warehouse Management Systems, RFID, barcodes, and the Internet of Things. Data analytics, route optimization, demand forecasting, and inventory optimization help reduce costs and improve service levels.

Performance in logistics is measured by metrics such as on-time delivery, fill rate, order accuracy, lead time, inventory turnover, and total landed cost. Efficient logistics seek to balance cost, speed, reliability, and quality of service.

Sustainability and risk considerations are increasingly central to logistics. Efforts focus on reducing environmental impact, improving last-mile efficiency, and enhancing resilience to disruptions, while ensuring compliance with customs, safety, and labor regulations. The field supports a wide range of industries and global trade activities, adapting to technological advances and evolving customer expectations.