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Lockout/tagout (LOTO) procedures are safety protocols designed to prevent accidental energization or startup of machinery and equipment during servicing or maintenance activities. These procedures are critical in preventing serious injuries and fatalities that can occur when a worker is exposed to hazardous energy.

The lockout portion of the procedure involves applying a lock to an energy-isolating device in a safe position, ensuring that the device cannot be operated. This lock is typically assigned to the individual performing the work and can only be removed by that person. The tagout portion involves affixing a tag to the locked-out device. This tag serves as a warning that the equipment is being serviced and should not be operated. The tag usually contains information about the person who applied it, the date, and the reason for the lockout.

Hazardous energy sources can include electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal, and other forms. Before any LOTO procedure is implemented, a thorough hazard assessment must be conducted to identify all potential energy sources associated with the equipment.

The implementation of LOTO procedures typically involves several steps: preparation, notification of affected employees, shutdown of the equipment, isolation of the energy source, application of lockout devices and tags, verification that isolation is effective, and finally, release of lockout/tagout devices once the work is complete and the equipment is safe to re-energize.

Effective LOTO programs require proper training for all employees who may be involved in or affected by the procedure. This training ensures that everyone understands the importance of LOTO, the specific procedures for their workplace, and their roles and responsibilities. Regular audits and reviews of LOTO practices are also essential to maintain program effectiveness and compliance with relevant safety regulations.