leniencyprogramme
A leniency programme is a policy used by competition or antitrust authorities to encourage firms involved in illegal cartel activities to come forward with information. By offering immunity from penalties or substantial reductions in fines, authorities aim to detect and deter price fixing, market division, bid rigging, and other anticompetitive agreements. Leniency programmes are common in many jurisdictions and are typically targeted at corporate participants rather than purely individual misconduct, though conditions vary by region.
How a leniency programme operates: a company that first reports its involvement in a cartel and provides
Effect and scope: leniency programmes are designed to speed up enforcement, reduce investigation costs, and strengthen