leerrichtingen

Leerrichtingen refers to the Dutch concept of structured educational tracks that guide students through specific subject combinations during secondary and tertiary education. The term combines the Dutch words “leer,” meaning learning or studying, and “richtingen,” meaning directions or orientations. It is used primarily within the Dutch education system to categorize and differentiate curricula at both secondary schools (voorbereidend middelbaar beroepsonderwijs, VBO) and universities.

In secondary education, leerrichtingen are divided into three main types: academic routes, preparatory vocational routes, and pure vocational routes. Academic routes such as “Algemeen Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs” (AWO) prepare students for university degrees, offering a broad curriculum that includes humanities, sciences, and mathematics. Preparatory vocational routes combine general education with specialized vocational subjects, while pure vocational routes focus entirely on practical skills and industry requirements. Each route is further subdivided into specific tracks, for example, “Techniek” (technology) or “Kunst en Vormgeving” (arts and design), allowing students to receive tailored instruction aligned with their interests and career goals.

At universities, leerrichtingen are reflected in degree programmes and majors. Students typically choose a leerrichting during their first or second year, which determines the core courses they must complete. The system promotes early specialization while still offering flexibility for interdisciplinary study.

Leerrichtingen serve both pedagogical and administrative purposes. They aid in curriculum planning, resource allocation, and the alignment of qualification standards with labor market needs. Moreover, by providing clear pathways, they help students make informed decisions about their future education and career trajectories.