layover

A layover is a period of time between connecting flights during air travel, in which a traveler remains in the same airport or airport complex between flight segments. Layovers occur when a journey requires more than one flight and passengers must board a subsequent aircraft to continue to the final destination. They can be short, lasting an hour or less, or long, spanning several hours. A layover is distinct from a stopover, which refers to a longer stay in a city—typically 24 hours or more—instead of continuing immediately on the same itinerary.

During a layover, travelers may remain in the transit area if continuing with the same or compatible flight, or they may need to exit and re-enter security to change terminals or airlines. Baggage handling varies: some itineraries are checked through to the final destination, while others require collecting and rechecking baggage during the layover. Minimum connection times (MCTs) are published by airports and airlines to ensure enough time to transfer between flights, clear security, and reach the next gate. Visa and passport control rules can affect layovers, especially for international connections; some countries require transit visas or entry even for short stops.

In practice, layovers are common in multi-city or price-optimized itineraries and are planned as part of trip timing and price considerations. Amenities at busy hubs—lounges, shops, and rest areas—can help pass the layover, particularly during long connections.