latite

Latite is a type of volcanic rock that forms from the rapid cooling of lava with a composition between that of basalt and rhyolite. It is characterized by its intermediate composition, typically containing around 52 to 63 percent silica (SiO₂) by weight. Latite is often found in volcanic arcs and hotspot volcanoes, where it forms through the partial melting of mantle material or crustal rocks.

The texture of latite is usually fine-grained due to its rapid cooling, though it can sometimes exhibit porphyritic structures where larger crystals of minerals like plagioclase feldspar are embedded in a finer matrix. Its color ranges from dark gray to black, though lighter shades can appear if it contains more silica-rich minerals. Latite is relatively dense compared to other volcanic rocks and is often associated with explosive volcanic eruptions, though it can also form through effusive activity.

Geologically, latite is significant in the study of volcanic processes and tectonic settings. It is commonly found in regions such as the Andes, the Cascade Range in North America, and parts of the Mediterranean, where it contributes to the formation of volcanic landscapes. Latite can also be weathered into soils and sediments, influencing local geology and ecosystems. In some cases, it is mined for its mineral content, particularly for feldspar and other useful minerals.