lacertilians

Lacertilians is a broad, informal term often used to refer to lizards. Lizards are a diverse group of reptiles belonging to the order Squamata, which also includes snakes. This group encompasses a vast array of species, from the tiny speckleback pygmy gecko to the Komodo dragon, the largest living lizard. Lacertilians are characterized by their scaly skin, typically four limbs, and external ear openings. However, there is significant variation within the group; some species have reduced or absent limbs, and others lack external ear openings.

The distribution of lacertilians is nearly global, found on every continent except Antarctica. They inhabit a wide range of environments, including deserts, rainforests, grasslands, and even urban areas. Their diets are equally varied, with most species being carnivorous, feeding on insects, other invertebrates, and smaller vertebrates. Some lacertilians are omnivorous or herbivorous. Reproduction in lacertilians is primarily through egg-laying (oviparity), though some species give birth to live young (viviparity).

Behaviorally, lacertilians exhibit a range of adaptations for survival, including camouflage, speed, and venom in a few species. Many are ectothermic, relying on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature. Their ecological roles are diverse, acting as predators and prey within their respective ecosystems. The term "lacertilian" itself is derived from the Latin word for lizard, "lacerta."