lämmönväliaineeseen

Lämmönväliaine, also known as a heat transfer medium or heat transfer fluid, is a substance used to transport thermal energy from one location to another. These materials play a crucial role in various industrial processes, engineering applications, and everyday technologies where efficient heating or cooling is required. The primary function of a lämmönväliaine is to absorb heat from a source, convey it through a system, and then release it at a desired destination.

The selection of a lämmönväliaine depends on several factors, including the operating temperature range, pressure conditions, chemical compatibility with the system components, and safety considerations. Common types of lämmönväliaine include water, oils, glycols, refrigerants, and molten salts. Water is a widely used and cost-effective option for many applications due to its high specific heat capacity and availability. However, its freezing point and boiling point limit its use in extreme temperatures.

Oils, such as mineral oils and synthetic oils, offer a broader operating temperature range than water and are often used in high-temperature applications like heat transfer systems in industrial machinery or solar thermal power plants. Glycol-water mixtures, like ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, are frequently employed as antifreeze and heat transfer fluids in HVAC systems and automotive radiators, providing freeze protection and corrosion inhibition. Specialized refrigerants are specifically designed for refrigeration and air conditioning cycles, facilitating the transfer of heat for cooling purposes. Molten salts are utilized in high-temperature thermal energy storage systems, particularly in concentrated solar power applications. The effectiveness of a lämmönväliaine is often evaluated by its thermal conductivity, viscosity, and stability under operating conditions.