kvantumfázisátmenetek
Kvantumfázisátmenetek (Quantum Phase Transitions) are phase transitions that occur at absolute zero temperature, driven by quantum fluctuations rather than thermal fluctuations. Unlike classical phase transitions, which are induced by changes in temperature, quantum phase transitions are triggered by varying a non-thermal parameter, such as pressure, magnetic field, or chemical composition. At these transitions, the system's ground state changes discontinuously or non-analytically.
The critical behavior near a quantum phase transition is characterized by the emergence of quantum criticality.