kvanttilomittumisen

Kvanttilomittuminen, known in English as quantum entanglement, is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become linked in such a way that they share the same fate, regardless of the distance separating them. When particles are entangled, measuring a property of one particle instantaneously influences the corresponding property of the other particle(s), even if they are light-years apart. This connection is not due to any classical force or signal traveling between the particles, but rather to their shared quantum state.

The concept was first described by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen in 1935, who used it to argue against the completeness of quantum mechanics. They believed that entanglement implied a "spooky action at a distance," suggesting that quantum mechanics might be incomplete and that there could be hidden variables determining the particles' properties. However, subsequent experiments, most notably those by John Stewart Bell and Alain Aspect, have largely supported the predictions of quantum mechanics and ruled out local hidden variable theories.

Entanglement has profound implications for our understanding of reality and forms the basis for emerging quantum technologies. It is a crucial resource for quantum computing, where entangled qubits can perform calculations that are intractable for classical computers. It also plays a role in quantum cryptography, enabling secure communication protocols, and in quantum teleportation, a process that transfers quantum information from one location to another. Despite its counterintuitive nature, kvanttilomittuminen is a well-established phenomenon that continues to be a subject of intense research.