kvantisidosten

Kvantisidosten refers to the phenomenon in quantum mechanics where certain physical properties of a system can only exist in discrete, quantized values, rather than a continuous range. This means that instead of smoothly changing, these properties jump from one allowed value to another.

A foundational concept illustrating kvantisidosten is the quantization of energy levels in atoms. Electrons orbiting an atom can only occupy specific energy shells. They cannot exist at energies between these allowed levels. When an electron transitions from a higher energy level to a lower one, it emits a photon of light with an energy precisely equal to the difference between the two levels. Conversely, absorbing a photon of the correct energy can cause an electron to jump to a higher permitted energy level.

This quantization extends to other properties as well, such as angular momentum. The discovery and understanding of kvantisidosten were crucial steps in the development of quantum theory, fundamentally altering our understanding of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic scales. It explains phenomena like the characteristic spectral lines observed in atomic emissions and has led to technological advancements such as lasers and semiconductors.