kuphu

Kuphu is a genre of Tamil literature that emerged during the Chola dynasty in the 9th and 10th centuries CE. The term "kuphu" translates to "verse" or "poem," and it is characterized by its use of a specific meter and rhyme scheme. Kuphu poems are typically composed in the Tamil language and often deal with themes of love, war, and courtly life. They are known for their intricate rhyme patterns and the use of alliteration, which gives them a musical quality.

The genre is attributed to the poet Kambar, who is considered one of the earliest practitioners of kuphu. His works, such as "Cirukkadittai" and "Manimekalai," are foundational texts in the genre. Kuphu poetry is often set to music and performed in temples and royal courts, reflecting its deep cultural and religious significance. The poems are also known for their vivid imagery and metaphorical language, which often draw from Hindu mythology and folklore.

Kuphu literature has had a lasting impact on Tamil culture and language. It has influenced subsequent genres of Tamil poetry and has been preserved through oral tradition and later, written manuscripts. Today, kuphu remains an important part of Tamil literary heritage, celebrated for its aesthetic and cultural value.