kotitalouksienkin

Kotitalouksienkin is a Finnish grammatical form that uses the particle -kin attached to the genitive plural kotitalouksien to express inclusion or emphasis, roughly translating to “even households” or “households as well.” It is used to indicate that households are included in a statement alongside other actors such as companies, individuals, or public institutions.

Etymology and structure: kotitalous means household, and kotitalouksien is its genitive plural form. The particle -kin adds emphasis or inclusivity, so kotitalouksienkin means “even households’” or “households as well.” The construction is common in formal or semi-formal Finnish, especially in policy discussions, statistics, and journalism, where the scope of a claim is being broadened.

Usage: Kotitalouksienkin is typically attached to a noun phrase that denotes what is being talked about. Examples include:

- Talouden kasvu johtuu sekä vientistä että kotitalouksienkin kulutuksesta.

- Säästöt ovat kasvaneet sekä yritysten että kotitalouksienkin.

- Hallituksen suunnitelmat huomioivat kotitalouksienkin etuuden.

Nuance: The -kin particle adds emphasis and signals that households are part of the relevant group, not merely adjacent to it. It tends to appear in written or formal spoken Finnish and is less common in everyday casual speech. In translation, kotitalouksienkin is often rendered as “even households” or “households as well,” with the exact nuance depending on context.

Related forms: The -kin particle can attach to other possessive or case forms (for example, yritystenkin, yksilöidenkin), always serving to broaden the scope to include the specified group.