korttiketjut
Korttiketjut is a Finnish term for electronic ticketing systems in public transport where tickets are stored on a physical card or similar token rather than on paper. In a korttiketti system, the card holds a stored value or time-based passes, and passengers validate their fare by tapping or presenting the card at a reader on buses, trams, trains, or entry gates.
Typical korttiketjut operate with reusable smart cards or contactless cards. A traveler loads money or purchases
The use of korttiketjut began to expand in Finland in the late 1990s and 2000s as an
Advantages of korttiketjut include faster boarding, reduced handling of cash, and easier fare management across multiple