kopsukõdriku

Kopsukõdriku, scientifically known as Pulmonaria officinalis, is a species of herbaceous perennial flowering plant native to Europe. It is commonly called lungwort due to the characteristic white spots on its leaves, which were historically believed to resemble diseased lungs, leading to its use in traditional medicine for respiratory ailments.

The plant typically grows in shady woodlands and hedgerows, preferring moist, well-drained soil. It forms a basal rosette of oblong to ovate leaves, which are often evergreen or semi-evergreen. The leaves are dark green and possess distinctive silver-white blotches, the pattern and intensity of which can vary between individuals and subspecies.

Kopsukõdriku produces clusters of bell-shaped flowers in early spring. These flowers are notable for their color change; they emerge pink or reddish and gradually turn to a vibrant blue or violet as they mature. This color shift is due to changes in the pH of the flower's sap. The plant is hermaphroditic, bearing both male and female reproductive organs, and is pollinated by insects, particularly bees.

While traditionally used for medicinal purposes, modern scientific evidence supporting its efficacy for treating lung conditions is limited. It is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens for its attractive foliage and early spring blooms. The species is a member of the Boraginaceae family, which also includes borage and forget-me-nots. It is generally a low-maintenance plant, requiring minimal care once established.