konsernitilinpäätöksestä

A konsernitilinpäätös, or consolidated financial statement, is a financial report that presents the financial performance and position of a parent company and its subsidiaries as if they were a single economic entity. This consolidation process combines the individual financial statements of all group companies, eliminating intercompany transactions and balances to provide a true and fair view of the group's overall financial health. The purpose of a konsernitilinpäätös is to give stakeholders, such as investors, creditors, and regulators, a comprehensive understanding of the group's operations and financial results, enabling better decision-making.

The preparation of a konsernitilinpäätös follows specific accounting standards, such as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) or Finnish Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (FGAAP). Key elements include the consolidated balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, and statement of changes in equity. The balance sheet shows the group's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time. The income statement details the group's revenues, expenses, and profit or loss over a period. The cash flow statement tracks the movement of cash into and out of the group from operating, investing, and financing activities.

A crucial aspect of consolidation is the treatment of minority interests, which represent the portion of a subsidiary's equity and profit or loss not attributable to the parent company. Intercompany transactions, such as sales between parent and subsidiary or loans between group entities, must be eliminated to avoid overstating or understating the group's financial position. Goodwill, arising from the acquisition of a subsidiary when the purchase price exceeds the fair value of its net identifiable assets, is also a significant component of the consolidated balance sheet. The konsernitilinpäätös is typically prepared annually, though interim consolidated financial statements may also be issued.