kondenzátort

A kondenzátor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When a voltage is applied across the plates, positive charge accumulates on one plate and negative charge on the other, creating an electric field in the dielectric. This charge separation represents stored energy.

The ability of a capacitor to store charge is measured by its capacitance, denoted by the symbol C and measured in farads (F). Capacitance depends on the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the properties of the dielectric material. A larger plate area or a thinner dielectric generally leads to higher capacitance. Different dielectric materials, such as ceramics, polymers, or electrolytes, offer varying dielectric constants, which influence the capacitor's performance and size.

Kondenzátory are used in a wide variety of electronic circuits. They can be employed to block direct current while allowing alternating current to pass, acting as filters to smooth out voltage fluctuations in power supplies, or used in timing circuits and oscillators. They are also essential in energy storage applications, such as in camera flashes and hybrid electric vehicles. The type of capacitor chosen for a particular application depends on factors like capacitance value, voltage rating, tolerance, and operating frequency.