konative

Konative is a term used in linguistics to refer to the function of language whose primary purpose is to influence the addressee's actions. In many classifications it is synonymous with the conative function described by Roman Jakobson, one of the six basic functions of language alongside referential, emotive, phatic, metalingual, and poetic. Some scholars use "konative" or its variants in non-English traditions or as a variant spelling, but the core idea remains: language oriented toward the addressee's response or behavior.

The konative function is realized through directive acts. It commonly appears in commands, requests, warnings, advice, and hortative or vocative forms. It can be overt, as in imperatives (Close the door), or more indirect, as in questions or modals (Could you please close the door?).

In pragmatics and speech-act theory, the konative function is analyzed in terms of illocutionary force—the speaker's intent to bring about a change in the addressee's conduct. Politeness strategies, tone, and context influence how the act is received and whether it succeeds. Cross-linguistically, the strength and form of konative expressions vary, with some languages favoring explicit imperatives and others preferring indirect or mitigated requests.

See also: conative function, speech act theory, pragmatics.