There are several types of komplementdefekte, each resulting from a deficiency in a specific complement component. These include:
1. C1q deficiency: This is the most common type, affecting about 1 in 200 people. It is usually asymptomatic but can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the upper respiratory tract.
2. C1r/C1s deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can cause recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues.
3. C2 deficiency: This can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
4. C3 deficiency: This is a severe disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
5. C4 deficiency: This can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
6. C5 deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
7. C6 deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
8. C7 deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
9. C8 deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
10. C9 deficiency: This is a rare disorder that can lead to recurrent infections, particularly of the skin and soft tissues, as well as a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer.
Komplementdefekte are typically inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that a person must inherit the defective gene from both parents to develop the disorder. However, some types of komplementdefekte can also be acquired, such as through infection or autoimmune disorders.
Treatment for komplementdefekte varies depending on the specific type and severity of the disorder. In some cases, recurrent infections can be managed with antibiotics or other medications. In other cases, a complement component replacement therapy may be used to supplement the missing or dysfunctional component. In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be necessary to replace the defective complement system.